intake air temperature!

intake air temperature

Comprehensive Analysis

1) "Intake" -- As to intake air temperature in·take Pronunciation: 'in-"tAk Function: noun 1 : an opening through which fluid enters an enclosure 2 a : a taking in b (1) : the amount taken in (2) : something (as energy) taken in : INPUT Pronunciation Symbols See also dietary intake and Intake, South Yorkshire. An intake is an air intake for an engine. Because the modern internal combustion engine is in essence a powerful air pump, like the exhaust system on an engine, the intake must be carefully engineered and tuned to provide the greatest efficiency and power. An ideal intake system should increase the velocity of the air until it travels in to the combustion chamber, while minimizing turbulence and restriction of flow. This is usually accomplished by flow testing on a flow bench in the port design stage. Cars with turbochargers or superchargers which provide a pressurized intake system, usually have extensive tweaking of the intake system to improve performance dramatically. A modern air intake system should have three main parts, an air filter, mass flow sensor, and throttle body. Many cars today now include a silencer to minimize the noise entering the cabin. Silencers impede air flow and create turbulence which reduce total power, so many performance enthusiasts often remove them. Production cars have specific length air intakes to cause the air to vibrate and buffett at a specific frequency to assist air flow in to the combustion chamber. Aftermarket companies for cars have introduced larger throttle bodies and air filters to decrease restriction of flow at the cost of changing the harmonics of the air intake for a small net increase in power or torque. BMW is unusual in that its M line of performance cars have one throttle body per cylinder, as opposed to one throttle body for four, six or even eight cylinders for regular production cars. This is done to increase flow characteristics and improve throttle response. Nissan also use this system in their high performance models. Porsche in the 1980s designed an intake system for their cars that changed the length of the intake system by alternating between a longer and shorter set of tubing using a bu..." 2) "Air" -- As to intake air temperature 1air Pronunciation: 'er Function: noun Usage: often attributive Etymology: Middle English, from Anglo-French, from Latin aer, from Greek aEr 1 a archaic : BREATH b : the mixture of invisible odorless tasteless gases (as nitrogen and oxygen) that surrounds the earth c : a light breeze 2 a : empty space b : NOTHINGNESS <vanished into thin air> c : a sudden severance of relations <she gave me the air> 3 [probably translation of Italian aria] a : TUNE, MELODY b Elizabethan & Jacobean music : an accompanied song or melody in usually strophic form c : the chief voice part or melody in choral music 4 a : outward appearance of a thing <an air of luxury> b : a surrounding or pervading influence : ATMOSPHERE <an air of mystery> c : the look, appearance, or bearing of a person especially as expressive of some personal quality or emotion : DEMEANOR <an air of dignity> d : an artificial or affected manner <put on airs> 5 : public utterance <he gave air to his opinion> 6 : COMPRESSED AIR 7 a (1) : AIRCRAFT <go by air> (2) : AVIATION <air safety> <air rights> (3) : AIR FORCE <air headquarters> b (1) : the medium of transmission of radio waves; also : RADIO, TEL Layers of Atmosphere (NOAA) Earth's atmosphere is a layer of gases surrounding the planet Earth and retained by the Earth's gravity. It contains roughly 78% nitrogen, (normally inert except upon electrolysis by lightning[1] and in certain biochemical processes of nitrogen fixation), 21% oxygen, 0.93% argon, 0.04% carbon dioxide, and trace amounts of other gases, in addition to about 3% water vapor. This mixture of gases is commonly known as air. The atmosphere protects life on Earth by absorbing ultraviolet solar radiation and reducing temperature extremes between day and night. There is no definite boundary between the atmosphere and outer space. It slowly becomes thinner and fades away into space. Three quarters of the atmosphere's mass is within 11 km of the planetary surface. In the United States, persons who travel above an altitude of 50.0 miles (80.5 km) are designated as astronauts. An altitude of 120 km (75 mi or 400,000 ft) marks the boundary where atmospheric effects become noticeable during re-entry. The Karman line, at 100 km (62 miles), is also frequently used as the boundary between atmosphere and outer space. 1 Temperature and the atmospheric layers 2 Pressure and thickness of the atmosphere 3 Composition 3.1 Mass percentage calculations 3.2 Heterosphere 4 Density and mass 5 Evolution of the Earth's atmosphere 6 Air pollution 7 References 8 See also 9 External links The temperature of the Earth's atmosphere varies with altitude; the mathematical relationshi..." 3) "Temperature" -- As to intake air temperature tem·per·a·ture Pronunciation: 'tem-p&(r)-"chur, -p(&-)r&-, -ch&r, -"tyur, -"tur Function: noun Etymology: Latin temperatura mixture, moderation, from temperatus, past participle of temperare 1 archaic a : COMPLEXION 1 b : TEMPERAMENT 3b 2 a : degree of hotness or coldness measured on a definite scale b : the degree of heat that is natural to the body of a living being c : abnormally high body heat <running a temperature> 3 a : relative state of emotional warmth <scandals raised the political temperature> b : MOOD <testing the temperature of voters> Pronunciation Symbols Fig. 1 The temperature of a gas is a measure of the average kinetic energy of its atoms or molecules as they move and collide. Here in this animation, the size of helium atoms relative to their spacing is shown to scale under 136 atmospheres of pressure. These room-temperature atoms have a certain, average speed (slowed down here two trillion fold). Temperature is a physical property of a system that underlies the common notions of hot and cold; something that is hotter has the greater temperature. Temperature is one of the principal parameters of thermodynamics. The temperature of a system is related to the average energy of microscopic motions in the system. For a solid, these microscopic motions are principally the vibrations of the constituent atoms about their sites in the solid. For an ideal monatomic gas, the microscopic motions are the translational motions of the constituent gas particles. Temperature is measured with thermometers that may be calibrated to a variety of temperature scales. Throughout the world (except for in the U.S.), the Celsius scale is used for most temperature measuring purposes. The entire scientific world (the U.S. included) measures temperature using the Celsius scale, and thermodynamic temperature using the Kelvin scale. Many engineering fields in the U.S., especially high-tech ones, also use the Kelvin and Celsius scales. The bulk of the U.S. however, (its lay people, industry, meteorology, and government) relies upon the Fahrenheit scale. Other engineering fields in the U.S. also rely upon the Rankine scale when working in thermodynamic-related disciplines such as combustion. 1 Overview 2 Details 3 The role of temperature in nature 4 Temperature measurement 4.1 Units of temperature <..." 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